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StagingStaging refers to the how widespread the disease is. The Workup section above provides the most common ways that staging is done for MALT. Extensive staging in patients with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type lymphoma can include:
Imaging tests are used to estimate the stage:
Conditions Associated with MALT
Monitoring MALT with PET?
Monitoring MALT with MRI?
Return to topResources and Reports on MALT
Other Resources
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Marginal Zone - Annals of Hematology:
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Marginal Zone Lymphomas:
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Review article:
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MALT Diagnosis and Treatment Medscape (free login req.)
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Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment: CHOP, MALT, PET, and More
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What's "Hot" in Hematologic Malignancy: Extranodal MALT Lymphoma: If You Exclude the Stomach, What's Left?, Alexandra M. Levine, MD Medscape (free login req.) |
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Surgical Treatment of Gastrointestinal B-Cell Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphomas sma.org |
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Marginal Zone Lymphoma hmds.org.uk
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Resources based on areas of presentationAlso see
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OVERVIEW of non-gastric MALT
BONE MARROW
Return to topBREAST
Return to topCUTANEOUS (skin)
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Subtopic moved here: PAL |
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MALT Lymphoma of the Foreskin.
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"In the majority of people gastric MALT lymphoma is found during tests for persistent indigestion - although only a very small percentage of people with this symptom have lymphoma. The indigestion is probably more related to the presence of the Helicobacter than the actual lymphoma and patients are often symptomatically better following its eradication, irrespective of whether the lymphoma is decreasing (regressing).
A very few people go to their doctor with other symptoms including nausea and vomiting (possibly with specs of blood in the vomit) but severe abdominal pain or the finding of a mass in the abdomen are unusual." 1
IE |
Involvement of extralymphatic organs or tissue |
I1E |
In case of gastric lymphoma: Involvement of mucosa and submucosa |
I2E |
Gastric involvement surpassing stage I1E |
II1E |
Involvement of an extralymphatic organ including regional lymphknots, alternativly one further extralymphatic organ above or beneath the diaphragma |
II2E |
Involvement of an extralymphatic organ and of extraregional lymph knots, plus one additional localized involvement of an extralymphatic organ |
IIIE |
Involvement of an extralymphatic organ, additionally involvement of lymph knots above or beneath the diaphragma, including one further localized involvement of an extralymphatic organ or tissue, alternativly the spleen (IIIS) or both (IIIES) |
IV |
Diffus or disseminated organ involvement irrespective of lymph knot involvement |
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[A case of MALT lymphoma of the liver treated by RFA and Rituximab] Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi. 2006 Jun;103(6):655-60. Japanese. PMID: 16800289 |
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Primary low-grade hepatic B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type. Am J Surg Pathol. 1995 May;19(5):571-5. PMID: 7726367 |
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B-Cell lymphoma of the liver Related PubMed abstracts |
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Extranodal lymphomas associated with hepatitis C virus infection.
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Lung (respiratory trac) BALT - Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue.
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Related PubMed Articles PubMed
"Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma has been noted to involve the salivary glands in chronic inflammatory conditions such as Sjogren's syndrome and in HIV infection." 1
"Lymphoma arising from the parotid gland is exceptionally rare. Indeed, primary parotid lymphoma accounts for only 0.3% of all cancer diagnoses." 2
"In general, malignant lymphoma originating in the parotid gland is histologically described as low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, frequently belongs to the B-cell type and rarely relapses into other sites." 2
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See Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma (SMZL) |
Monitoring / Imaging
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Data on Relapse pattern for MALT lymphoma
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PET not judged effective for imaging of MALT: Positron emission tomography with fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (F18-FDG) does not visualize extranodal B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type
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ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY WHEN H-PYLORI-NEGATIVE
Hi everyone, .I very rarely post, but usually read the daily digest that comes in my e-mail. My husband was diagnosed with a malt lymphoma in his stomach almost two years ago. He was diagnosed at the University of Utah with jumbo biopsies and internal ultrasound. Our GI Dr. seemed a little leery about giving my husband the antibiotic treatment, but he did...and my husband has had no sign of the tumor since then. He had a follow-up gastroscope with ultrasound at the U of U in May. He also tested negative for H Pylori.....I think that there must either be a different bacteria involved, or the tests for H Pylori need a little perfecting!! I really don't think they are accurate...from all I've read!
~ DL (NHL-MALT)
I'm one of those who had conjunctival malt successfully treated with doxycyline; the treatment was based on the theory that antibiotics
were working for gastric malt (because of h. pylori), and the eye shares a similar mucuous membrane with the stomach; thus, the experiment with the doxycycline for conjunctival malt.
I think I was lucky to have a forward-thinking oncologist who was working with some young colleagues; they proposed the antibiotic treatment theory to me and it seemed to make sense. I figured I had nothing to lose and everything to gain if it worked, and thankfully it did. It certainly was a lot easier than the radiation I had to the other eye.
~ Sherri (nhl-MALT)
TOPIC SEARCH:
All: ASCO | Medscape | Web
Antibiotics AND MALT: ASCO | Medscape | Web
Rituxan AND MALT: ASCO | Medscape | Web
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NCCN Treatment guidelines for MALT, pages 23-32 www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/PDF/nhl.pdf |
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Common Misconceptions in the Management of H-Pylori-associated Gastric MALT-lymphoma
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2016 July 27. MALT lymphoma and Helicobacter pylori infection: a review of diagnosis and management http://bit.ly/2bL07KX |
The characteristics of the lymphoma at diagnosis as determined by the pathology report, and it's actual clinical behavior, and other factors determine the type of treatment and the timing of treatment you and your doctor will consider.
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Nongastric MALT Lymphoma / Marginal Zone Lymphoma - Treatment guidelines nccn.org |
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New Therapeutic Strategies for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma:
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The primary gastric lymphoma: therapeutic strategies
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Treatment outcome of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue/marginal zone non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Mar 15;52(4):1058-66. PMID: 11958902 PubMed |
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Conservative treatment of primary gastric low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue: predictive factors of response and outcome. Am J Gastroenterol. 2002 Feb;97(2):292-7. PMID: 11866264 PubMed |
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See new topic: PAL |
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Clinical activity of rituximab in extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type. - full text bloodjournal.org
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Rituximab-induced remission of a gastric MALT lymphoma.
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"The treatment of gastric lymphoma continues to evolve, and surgical resection is now uncommonly a part of the initial management strategy."
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The Diminishing Role of Surgery in the Treatment of Gastric Lymphoma. Annals of Surgery. 240(1):28-37, July 2004. |
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Utility of surgical resection with or without radiation therapy in patients with low-grade gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma Haematologica.org |
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Localized Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Treated With Radiation Therapy Has Excellent Clinical Outcome. J Clin Oncol. 2003 Nov 15;21(22):4157-4164. PMID: 14615444 | full text |
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Stage I and II MALT lymphoma: results of treatment with radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001 Aug 1;50(5):1258-64. PMID: 11483337 PubMed | Related Abstracts |
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Clinical activity of rituximab in extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type. Blood. 2003 Jul 3 [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 12842999 PubMed |
"MALT-type lymphoma has a better prognosis than gastric lymphomas, because it tends to be localized for a long period of time. This has been attributed to its homing phenomenon in which the neoplastic cell tends to return to its original mucosal site rather than disseminate elsewhere - Primary Gastric Lymphoma, moffitt.usf.edu
"Few studies have investigated the relation between the location of MALT lymphomas and their prognosis. In contrast to the results referred by Thieblemont et al.,7 we found that the tendency to progress or relapse seemed to be:
more frequent in gastrointestinal than in non-gastrointestinal MALT lymphomas (22% vs 10%).
The longer time to progression showed by Thieblemont et al. for gastrointestinal lymphomas has not been confirmed in our study.
Although our data showed no significant differences in either disease free survival or overall survival between the two groups of patients, the slight survival advantage for non-gastrointestinal MALT lymphomas could be explained by their local involvement and good performance status at diagnosis.
It is possible that the single center nature of our study and the inclusion of only patients with unequivocal histologic criteria of MALT lymphoma, could have had some influence on the results." source: haematologica
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Assessment of Disease Dissemination in Gastric Compared With Extragastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Using Extensive Staging: A Single-Center Experience. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Jun 12; PMID: 16769982 | Free full text
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Predictive value of endoscopic ultrasonography for regression of gastric low grade and high grade MALT lymphomas after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Gut. 2001 Apr;48(4):454-60. PMID: 11247887 PubMed |
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Immunological and molecular analysis of B lymphocytes in low-grade MALT lymphoma of the stomach. Are there any useful markers for predicting outcome after Helicobacter pylori eradication? J Gastroenterol. 2002;37(6):428-33. PMID: 12108676 PubMed |
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Comparative study of marginal zone lymphoma involving bone marrow. Am J Clin Pathol. 2002 May;117(5):698-708. PMID: 12090417 PubMed |
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2016 July 27.
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Goda - 2010 - Cancer (full text)
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MALT - MedWire:
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Outcomes of Stage I/II Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Reported cancerconsultants.com
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Update on MALT Lymphoma Medscape free login
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Treatment of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type with cladribine: a phase II study. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Sep 15;20(18):3872-7. PMID: 12228207 PubMed |
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IELSG phase II study of rituximab in MALT lymphoma: final results Year: 2002 Abstract No: 1067 |
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Stage I and II MALT lymphoma: results of treatment with radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001 Aug 1;50(5):1258-64. PMID: 11483337 PubMed |
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Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma with initial supradiaphragmatic presentation: natural history and patterns of disease progression. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000 Sep 1;48(2):399-403. PMID: 10974453 PubMed |
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Molecular follow-up in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas: early analysis of the LY03 cooperative trial. Blood. 2002 Apr 1;99(7):2541-4. PMID: 11895791 PubMed |
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Of interest to pts with MALT: Randomized trial of endoscopy with testing for Helicobacter pylori compared with non-invasive H pylori testing alone in the management of dyspepsia BMJ 2002;324:999 |
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The Modified International Prognostic Index Can Predict The Outcome Of Localized Primary Intestinal Lymphoma Of Both Extranodal Marginal Zone B-Cell And Diffuse Large B-Cell Histologies International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (IELSG) British Journal of Haematology, 2002, 118, 218–228 PDF |
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NEW Relapsed or refractory nongastric marginal zone B-cell lymphoma: Multicenter retrospective analysis of 92 cases.
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